1.26 敦煌六姓(2 / 2)

刘备的日常 熏香如风 1124 字 2022-04-20

前汉时,官吏因罪而徙敦煌,乃常有之事。如武帝征和二年(前91年)戾太子刘据事件后,“吏士劫略者,皆徙敦煌郡”。又如成帝时,陈汤与将作大匠解万年因赃获罪,两人“俱徙敦煌”。

久而久之,敦煌便成了西迁氏族,聚集之地。两汉之交,王莽逆乱。敦煌大姓趁机洗清罪行,成为豪强,又进而成为世家。

所谓鹤立鸡群。又说‘矮子里挑将军’。

正因陇右多羌胡,汉人日渐稀少。唯有世家大族,方得以安心习经学文。普通百姓,糊口都难,何谈苦读圣贤书。此也从客观上,助长了大姓垄断西州吏治之声势。

“豪门、寒门,皆是百姓。豪门士子,自当启用。然寒门学子,亦不可忘。”刘备笑问:“寒门士子,诸位可有所获?”

众谋主便又相视而笑。

由军正沮授,见书录呈上。

苏则,字文师,扶风武功人。少以学行,闻名乡里。年二十被举为孝廉,又举茂才,朝廷曾征去京城任职,却未应召,现客居酒泉。

曹全,字景完,敦煌效谷人。“萧规曹随”之曹参后裔。生性贤孝,收养季祖母,先意承志,存亡之敬,礼无遗缺。故乡人为之谚曰:“重亲致欢曹景完。”建宁二年举孝廉,官郎中,拜司戊部司马,讨疏勒王和德。师还,迁右扶风槐里令。旋以弟丧弃官。今年初,复举孝廉。

周生烈,字文逸。本姓唐,因自幼在母家周氏长大,故改姓“周生”。好注经传,曾为《左氏传》、《论语》作注。

侯瑾,字子瑜,亦是敦煌人。少孤贫,依族人居。性好学,为人俑作(客庸)得资,暮还,燃薪而读。常以礼自守,不欺暗室。州郡累召,皆称疾不到。后徙入山中,静思著述。西河人敬其才,不敢呼名,皆称“侯君”。

细细看完,刘备欣然点头:“皆忠直之士。可堪大用。”

李儒笑问:“当从何人为始?”

刘备笑答:“自是‘侯君’。”

众皆拜服。

四人中,唯有侯瑾,乃真正隐士。名声之隆,可比商山四皓。若能说动此人,余下数人,自当迎刃而解。

打听到侯瑾隐居在敦煌卑羽山中,刘备这便轻车简从,亲自登门拜访。

自大震关到卑羽山,约三千八百里。轻车一日三百里,亦需十余日。来回需一月。

无妨。陇右皆平,别无匪患。尤其是丝路沿线,城池关隘,皆有幕府将校驻守。刘备全当出游,顺便体察沿途风土民情。所谓千金之子坐不垂堂。刘备位高权重。一人身系江山社稷,万千黎民。便是出游,亦丝毫马虎不得。

史涣领绣衣吏,希雷娅领御卫,发机关兵一百辆,西去敦煌。

除去巡视河西四郡,刘备还要亲眼看一看,都护府右丞李儒修筑的洪池岭。

出陇山,有中、南二丝路可选。当走中线。

日升出发,日落前已达陇县。丝路要冲,上邽县,便涵括其中。

上邽(guī),古县名,本邽戎地。武帝元鼎二年,析上邽,在关陇要冲置清水县、戎邑道与陇县。明帝永平十七年,又改清水县为豲(huán)坻聚,与绵诸道、戎邑道一起并入陇县。

“豲坻聚有秦亭”,秦人先祖,秦非子牧马有功,封邑于此。周庄王九年,秦武公伐邽戎取其地,始置邽县。上邽乃华夏史上最早设置的县。

天色已晚,刘备这便入驻秦亭邑。

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