1.56 巡视国境(1 / 2)

刘备的日常 熏香如风 1099 字 2022-04-20

船队在河阳渡码头靠岸。北易水、中易水、南拒马水在此交汇,水陆畅达。渡口还设有野市,人来人往,热闹非常。

泱泱华夏,西高东低。水出群山后,漫灌入平原。积水成陂,淹土成泽。

“易水又东,梁门陂水注之,陂水北接范阳陂,陂在范阳城西十里,方十五里,俗亦谓之为盐台陂。陂水南通梁门淀,方三里。”单单范阳县治附近,便有方十五里、方三里的两处陂泽。

又如“(圣)水出良乡西山,东南径西乡城西,而南注鸣泽渚。”“鸣泽渚,渚方十五里。”类似陂泽举不胜举,不要太多。

如前所说,时下幽州非但不缺水,还需防水患。刘备此次巡视国境,之所以逆行西进,先巡视范阳,正因范阳人口众多,乃是治下除临乡外的第一大县。民情最好。

涿郡治涿县,口六十三万余。领七县:涿县、良乡、方城、范阳、遒国、故安、北新城。其中方城、范阳二县,已划归蓟国所有。加上先前被从方城划出的临乡,人口顿时减去一半。话说。这些年,青冀流民不断北上,幽州一地,竟聚拢有百万流民。其中绝大多数,皆是投奔刘备而来。

去年上计,蓟国有口百五十万。其中流民便占去大半。时人皆视流民为草芥,弃如敝屣。独有刘备,珍之惜之。流民口口相传,这便拖家带口,蜂拥而来。若非实在走投无路,又有谁愿背井离乡,举家逃难。

按刘备的预想,横竖五里之城,纳十万居民,便已足够。

时下,枝津故渎,河汊纵横。洪水时常漫出河道,淹没田园。若要根治水患,必行圩田。陂渠纵横如脉络,滋养城外良田。城内再行雨污分流,肥水注入陂渠,蓄水保肥。如此用河渠排水,用良田蓄水,举国分流洪水。才能杜绝水患,季季大熟。

七月并国。还未完成交割,时任范阳令便弃官潜逃。两位国相征求刘备首肯,便急调督亢令管宁,接任范阳令。上任伊始,不过十日,管宁便将前任积压数年的公文诉讼,处理完毕。百姓交口称赞,上下皆服。先立威信,再行拨乱反正,事半而功倍。其后第一件事,便是修缮城墙,加固城防。大乱在即,守土安民乃是头等大事。又遣良匠,遍查全境,绘制山川地形图,制成微缩模型。再行发榜安民。

范阳乃是故国,并无多少移民,远不比督亢鱼龙混杂。管宁为官一任,各种棘手突发,大事小情不知遭遇多少。知行合一,堪称良才。守一县之地,绰绰有余。如此循吏,自当持重。刘备命一队绣衣吏随身护佑,便可见一斑。

“王城方九里,长五百四十雉;公城方七里,长四百三十雉;侯伯城方五里,长三百雉;子男城方三里,长一百八十雉。”又“天子之城高九仞,公侯七仞,伯五仞,子男三仞”。

长三丈高一丈为一雉。仞,周制八尺,汉制七尺。

需要注意的是,此规定乃是指内城而言。如洛阳城,城外大片城郭,皆不计算在内。

以上虽是周礼,且今汉只有王、侯,二十一等爵。加上为容纳百姓,城郭皆有外扩,但城池的大小仍有严格限定。

范阳县曾为侯国,故分内外二城。内城横竖一里,乃是原先的范阳侯城,外城横竖三里,为国民所居,面积还算可观。

其西北四十里,有伏图城。再往北二十里,有长安城。黄金台,便坐落在伏图与长安之间。

还有众多乡邑,散落在县境之内。中易水,绕范阳城而过。为考察民生,刘备并未乘船直抵城下。渡口下船后,换乘黄駥马,与一干人等沿官道而进。一路走来,见两侧麦田已收割完毕,麦秸堆满了田间。比起临乡一地还未收割的水稻。蓟国余下各县,种植的多是小麦。从下季开始,将陆续改稻作。

制约稻作的最重要因素便是水源。时下洪水泛滥。取之不尽,用之不竭。正适合通渠圩田。官道年年修造,状况还算良好。范阳县曾为深泽国,足见水大。时下仍有许多陂泽散落其中。林幽草茂,风光迤逦。

“城、邑十,港八,仓十,关一,砦二。”三百里临乡,便有城池十座。范阳县除去两三座城池,余下多是乡野。地力未能尽显。刘备此来的另一个目的,便是筑城。

黄巾之后,战乱不休。流寇、乱军,四处逃窜。治安迅速恶化。有一道坚固的城墙,其重要性不言而喻。刘备走精兵路线,麾下兵士并不多。守备千里国境,若皆是散落的乡野,一旦贼兵来袭,四处狼烟。又如何能及时驰援。

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