1.4 郦督二沟(2 / 2)

刘备的日常 熏香如风 1091 字 2022-04-20

五代时,江南已有圩田,一个大圩,方数十里,如同大城,中有渠道,外有闸门……到北宋时,圩田在南方进一步发展。太平州芜湖县万春圩,有田十二万七千亩,圩中有大道长二十二里。圩田能防旱抗涝,故可常保丰收。

宋杨万里《圩田》有:“周遭圩岸缭金城,一眼圩田翠不分。”之句。

圩堤将农田与外水隔开,通过灌排渠系及操纵堤上的水闸以调节内水和外水的进出。若是自流灌排有困难,则辅以龙骨翻车等提水机械,以满足圩内农田需水。后世将沿江、滨湖低地四周有圩堤围护,内有灌排系统的农区,下游叫“圩”,中游叫“垸”,统称“圩垸”。若干个圩垸连成一片,叫做圩区或圩垸地区。

元代王祯所著《农书》中记载的‘柜田’,则是面积较小的圩垸。

平原区以圩为主,附带有滩。四周筑堤为圩,圩外小圩为滩。山丘沿河湖半边筑堤称‘埧’,沿山丘沟壑出口处筑堤和没水的地方称‘垾’。因大圩‘方数十里,如同大城’,故而后世埧、垾多以地名形式出现。

楼桑邑中百姓不过两万。造一座‘方数十里,如同大城’的大圩,力有不逮。圩田,刘备准备分批修筑。将百里水泽,分成若干区域。先以楼桑为基,建好督亢邑。收拢流民,工匠。待督亢邑住满,再以楼桑、督亢二邑为基,继续屯田。

类似蜜蜂分箱。一分二、二分四、四分八、八分十六。如此事半功倍,最为合适。

督亢沟的走向,良匠已摸清,大致为南北直渠。引巨马水南下,流经督亢,与北巨马水重聚成涞水,奔流入海。

只需沿沟渠西岸筑堤围垦,堤上间隔着辟有涵闸,涝时闭闸御水,旱时开闸放水。督亢泽西侧圩田,旱涝保收,必是良田。

不料郦亭百姓纷纷来求,想将郦亭土地并入封邑。

楼桑村在涿县南十里,又南十里为郦亭。住在郦亭和陆城亭之间的编户齐民,多有田产在两亭之间,甚至本划归在郦亭之内。户籍迁入楼桑,田产自然也随之迁入楼桑。如今楼桑水田,不止十里。先前楼桑水田大熟,附近乡民纷纷来求老族长。想购买稻种,聘请农人,改种水田。少君侯便让附近亭邑的乡民,选出代表,来楼桑学艺。派宗人悉心传授稻作。

郦亭首当其冲,今已尽数改成水田。奈何溪流水小,产量不高。疏通郦亭沟,则能解缺水之困。季季大熟,何乐不为?

苏伯来说,若能将郦亭百姓并入,疏通郦亭沟便无掣肘。

刘备取图观之。貌似那个直径百里的圆圈,隐隐约约能将郦亭包裹其中。

只等圣诏下达,刘备如何与州郡划分交割。小小一个郦亭,应该不成问题。

裂土封侯。

一个‘裂’字,道尽精髓。

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