第五百九十一章 万里长城(1 / 2)

青衫无墨 细雨无商 0 字 2021-03-13

一日,士兵正在操练,赵谦看清士兵手中弯刀,对一名士兵道:“你们的兵刃是谁提供的?”</p>

那名士兵道:“是我们自备的。”</p>

赵谦眉头微皱,那名士兵道:“赵将军怎么了?”</p>

赵谦摇头,道:“没事,你们继续操练。”说完,迈步离开。</p>

赵谦来到马锐军营,对马锐道:“马兄,我想调换一下士兵的佩刀,不知是否可行?”</p>

马锐道:“为何?”</p>

赵谦道:“直刀重心平衡,利于把握,破甲性能较好,适合步兵;弯刀重心靠前,适宜劈砍,还能保持划割,适宜骑兵。我手下五千新兵皆是步卒,但有泰半士卒手中兵刃为弯刀,不适合战场作战,因此我想将士兵手中的佩刀换为直刀。”</p>

马锐道:“陛下为征柔然,招募大量新兵,而新兵的武器皆是自备,多有不适。而要想调换士卒手中兵刃,单靠我们,难以行事,但此事说小也小,只要崔司徒一句话,便无问题。”</p>

二人将此事反馈给崔浩,崔浩命二人调查整个军营的情况,根据兵种的不同调换兵刃,使大部分士兵都得到合适兵刃。</p>

太平真君四年九月,拓跋焘亲征柔然,兵分五路,乐安王拓跋范、建宁王拓跋崇各率十五名将领从东路进军,乐平王拓跋丕督统十五名将领从西路进军,拓跋焘亲自领兵从中路进军,中山王拓跋辰督统十五名将领作为后援,打算以分进合击之策一举击败柔然,琅邪王司马楚之另外率领一支部队督运军粮。</p>

赵谦、诸葛清岚领军跟随中军而行,行至长城,与守将刁雍会合。</p>

长城气势磅礴,构造雄伟,被评为世界七大奇迹之一。当年秦始皇花费巨大代价修筑长城,致使民怨沸腾,秦朝二世而亡。秦始皇雄才伟略,自然不惧匈奴,他之所以修筑长城,原因有三:其一,北方草原适合放牧,不适合种田,夺之无用;其二,中原以步兵为主,匈奴以骑兵为主,步兵对抗骑兵,本就处于绝对劣势,但中原依仗兵法、战阵、器械等优势,仍有一战之力,若胜,步兵追赶不上纵马逃逸的骑兵,无法将骑兵重创,若败,则逃脱不了骑兵的追杀,全军覆没,极为被动;其三,北方草原广袤无垠,匈奴又居无定所,秦兵无法寻出匈奴主力,给予重创。如此被动局面,导致秦始皇只得被动防守,修筑长城。</p>

华夏文明历经沧桑不灭,长城居功至伟,这一点与古印度相比,尤其明显。古印度三面环海,北面又是喜马拉雅山,唯一需要防守的便是喀布尔河谷,这个河谷狭窄,最窄处仅有六百米,两岸山险,易守难攻,只需筑一个关隘,便可抵御外敌。但是,印度从未出现过这样的关隘要塞,雅利安人、希腊人、塞人、安息人、大月氏人、波斯人、马其顿人、突厥人、蒙古人、英国人先后主宰印度地区,而除了英国人,其他外来民族全部从喀布尔河谷进入。</p>

秦始皇派人修建万里长城时地理位置的选取,并非随意而为,而是遵循了自然之理,也就是四百毫米等降水量线。</p>

四百毫米等降水量线与八百毫米降水量线是中原两条极为重要的地理分界线,其中,四百毫米等降水量线沿大兴安岭、阴山、贺兰山、巴颜喀拉山、冈底斯山,将中原与塞外分割开来。降水量线东南部是季风区,受太平洋、大西洋夏季风影响,适宜种田;降水量线西北面则由于大山的阻挡,夏季风难以到达,干燥多风,只能放牧。</p>

400毫米等降水量线与万里长城重合,将农耕文明与游牧文明分裂开来,农耕民族与游牧民族在长城内外鏖战,连亘数千年而不绝。</p>

拓跋焘也命人修筑了长达两千公里长城,但来自塞外的鲜卑对草原有种特殊的情感,所修筑的长城与汉人修建的长城相比,明显偏北,远逾河套,甚至抵达阴山一线,坐拥朔方地和察哈尔草原圈。这段长城使长城由守转攻,不仅将中原的防御线推进到阴山一线,提供战略纵深,达到以空间换时间之效,同时抢占更多产马地,以此壮大骑兵。</p>

长城之内,行辕之中,镇东将军刁雍对拓跋焘道:“陛下,据斥候来报,蠕蠕、高句丽、倭国三国大军汇集一处,约有十五万人马,驻扎在长城外的百里处,大军呈防御阵型,互为犄角。”</p>

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