167 全面压迫(1 / 2)

绿湾奇迹 磨砚少年 1134 字 2022-04-26

“这是……多层次防守?”

橄榄球战术的千变万化,不仅仅体现在进攻层面,防守层面的战术组合也同样数不胜数,但因为橄榄球是回合制比赛,每一轮进攻的主动权都掌握在进攻组手中,这也就意味着防守组往往落后半步到一步,战术变化需要考虑到被动状况的情境,必须避免顾此失彼的糟糕局面。

所以,防守组的战术更多集中体现在线卫身上——

防守二线需要根据接球球员的变化而临场调整,防守锋线则需要与进攻锋线对峙,这都是相对固定的对位,必须根据进攻组的战术变化而变化,因此,线卫的战术变化往往能够带动整个防守战术的变化。

比如,内线卫上步,协助防守截锋防守地面冲球,这叫做“老鹰阵型”,源自于上世纪四十年代五十年代洛杉矶公羊的防守协调员弗里茨-舒尔穆尔(Fritz-Shurmur),以及格雷西-尼尔(Greasy-Neale)统治之下的费城老鹰,充分利用内线卫的判断,阻止对手的强力地面冲球。

顺带一提,弗里茨-舒尔穆尔是帕特-舒尔穆尔的叔叔。

比如说,一名外线卫后撤,加入四名防守二线球员,形成五名二线防守球员,这叫做“五美分阵型(Nickel)”,因为后撤的这名外线卫往往担任额外的角卫功能,被单独称为“Nickelback”,因此得名。如此阵型用来加强二线防守,特别是针对对手增加一名外接手的进攻阵型。

比如说,两名外线卫后撤,形成六名二线防守球员,这就叫做“十美分阵型(Dime)”,因为两个“Nickel”,就是“Dime”,而第六名二线防守球员可以作为角卫也可以作为安全卫使用,被统一称为“Dimeback”,如此阵型主要是用来防守进攻组绝杀长传的进攻意图。

诸如此类等等。

线卫在防守组之中的作用千变万化,可以充当防守锋线、防守二线亦或者是额外球场角色来使用,而他们的位置变化也往往决定了整个防守阵型的侧重点,这也是现代橄榄球之中选择“3-4”阵型是主流的原因——

四名线卫能够让防守战术拥有更多变化,而“4-3”阵型则相对复古传统。

以线卫的站位和作用作为基础,防守二线到底是区域联防还是对位盯防,角卫站位需要上步前压还是与线卫交叉换位,防守锋线选择对峙还是突破……诸如此类等等,无数变化都可以渗透到战术之中。

多层次防守,不能算是一种防守阵型,而是一种防守解读。

所谓的多层次,可以简单理解为,防守锋线站成一条直线、线卫站成一条直线、角卫站成一条直线、安全卫站成一条直线,这也使得防守组拥有四层防护,一层一层地筛选过滤,将进攻组的推进拦截下来。

自然而然地,防守球员也就相对需要固守自己原本的职责与功能,这是经典的基础防守策略。

舒尔穆尔所困惑的地方就在于,野猫队防守组的个体实力相对羸弱,更多需要依靠集体力量来完成比赛,陆一奇清楚地明白这一点,于是充分利用战术布局来增加防守的强度与厚度,然而这一档防守却回归基础阵型?

“等等!”

舒尔穆尔的眉宇微蹙起来,全神贯注地注视着球场,然后隐隐就能够察觉到不同来:这居然是一个烟雾弹!

“快速传球出手!”

“瑞辛以一记快速传球找到外接手加里-格林(Gary-Green)!格林遭遇了前后夹击!格林陷入了两名防守球员的包夹!”

“传球未完成!格林没有能够接住橄榄球!外线卫霍尔干扰了传球,差一点点就要制造防守组的抄截!格林错过了橄榄球的传球线路!格林正在申诉!他认为防守球员出现了干扰接球的犯规,但裁判没有理会!”

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